Hello, everybody!
Today, I come here to talk about chronology in European Middle Ages. It seems to be something clear, but there are differences and discussions between academic professors when they have to choose a date of beginning and ending in this period of the history.
The beginning dates are established on the Western Roman Empire. During the 3rd Century in Rome a social, economic, politic, religious crisis destabilized the system of those who once were lords of the Mediterranean Sea and the finished being defeated by the barbarian nations.
After the Diocletian's abdication, in 305, there were some fights over seven years until Constantine became the only emperor in Western lands and the last one in a unified empire. Furthermore, Christianism was included as main religion in the Empire. At the same time Byzantium came to be the capital city, and was renamed as Constantinople.
Later, Theodosius divided the Empire among his sons, Arcadius and Honorius, which separated it in two: the Western Roman Empire and the Eastern Roman Empire. This fact made the political structure became weaker and the barbarian nations, both Huns and Germans, took advantages of this. After Attila's invasion (452), a Hun was named as emperor, as Romulus Augustulus. In 476, when this emperor was ousted by Odoacer, finished the time of the Western Roman Empire, ending as well the Ancient History.
The ending of the Middle Ages, that went on for almost ten centuries, stirs up differences depending on the author. The most accepted dates coincide with the collapse of the Eastern Roman Empire, also named the Byzantine Empire, in 1453 when Constantinople was taken by the Turkish Empire. Constantine was called Istanbul after this.
Depending on the State where we look for the ending date, they dance (as our lovely Mar) between ages, either politic or religious issues. In the Iberian Peninsula (Castile, Aragon and Portugal) Middle Ages ends with the discovery of America; however, there is another controversy with this because the Catholic Kings are closer to Modern Ages' style of government than to the Medieval one.
France, Germany and Netherlands were so influenced by religious conflicts, because of the born of Protestantism and this draw the line of ending. This is also related with the invention of the printing press.
What is clear is that, roughly the Middle Ages is marked by social guidelines and relationship between states which affects daily life and that starts to have a series of changes, especially related to the fall of a very important and consolidated figure, the Byzantine Empire, as well as landmarks such as the discovery of America and the incorporation of the printing press. Certainly each one of the events is the doorway to the Renaissance, which characterises the following era.
Today, I come here to talk about chronology in European Middle Ages. It seems to be something clear, but there are differences and discussions between academic professors when they have to choose a date of beginning and ending in this period of the history.
The beginning dates are established on the Western Roman Empire. During the 3rd Century in Rome a social, economic, politic, religious crisis destabilized the system of those who once were lords of the Mediterranean Sea and the finished being defeated by the barbarian nations.
After the Diocletian's abdication, in 305, there were some fights over seven years until Constantine became the only emperor in Western lands and the last one in a unified empire. Furthermore, Christianism was included as main religion in the Empire. At the same time Byzantium came to be the capital city, and was renamed as Constantinople.
Later, Theodosius divided the Empire among his sons, Arcadius and Honorius, which separated it in two: the Western Roman Empire and the Eastern Roman Empire. This fact made the political structure became weaker and the barbarian nations, both Huns and Germans, took advantages of this. After Attila's invasion (452), a Hun was named as emperor, as Romulus Augustulus. In 476, when this emperor was ousted by Odoacer, finished the time of the Western Roman Empire, ending as well the Ancient History.
The ending of the Middle Ages, that went on for almost ten centuries, stirs up differences depending on the author. The most accepted dates coincide with the collapse of the Eastern Roman Empire, also named the Byzantine Empire, in 1453 when Constantinople was taken by the Turkish Empire. Constantine was called Istanbul after this.
Depending on the State where we look for the ending date, they dance (as our lovely Mar) between ages, either politic or religious issues. In the Iberian Peninsula (Castile, Aragon and Portugal) Middle Ages ends with the discovery of America; however, there is another controversy with this because the Catholic Kings are closer to Modern Ages' style of government than to the Medieval one.
France, Germany and Netherlands were so influenced by religious conflicts, because of the born of Protestantism and this draw the line of ending. This is also related with the invention of the printing press.
What is clear is that, roughly the Middle Ages is marked by social guidelines and relationship between states which affects daily life and that starts to have a series of changes, especially related to the fall of a very important and consolidated figure, the Byzantine Empire, as well as landmarks such as the discovery of America and the incorporation of the printing press. Certainly each one of the events is the doorway to the Renaissance, which characterises the following era.
Hugs!
P.~
P.~
No comments:
Post a Comment